HTD2,D88,D14

2022-11-15 | Categories genes  | Tags strigolactone  dwarf  height  tiller  leaf  branching  growth  tillering  stem  resistant  shoot  architecture  phloem  grain  yield  grain size  breeding  plant height 

• Information
  • Symbol: HTD2,D88,D14
  • MSU: LOC_Os03g10620
  • RAPdb: Os03g0203200
• PSP score
  • LOC_Os03g10620.3: 0.3762
  • LOC_Os03g10620.2: 0.3762
  • LOC_Os03g10620.1: 0.4038
• PLAAC score
  • LOC_Os03g10620.3: 0
  • LOC_Os03g10620.2: 0
  • LOC_Os03g10620.1: 0
• pLDDT score
  • 88.89
• Protein Structure from AlphaFold and UniProt
  • 
• Publication
  • Identification and characterization of HTD2: a novel gene negatively regulating tiller bud outgrowth in rice, 2009, Planta.
  • Dwarf 88, a novel putative esterase gene affecting architecture of rice plant, 2009, Plant Mol Biol.
  • DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice, 2007, Plant J.
  • DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, 2013, Nature.
  • D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, 2013, Nature.
  • The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, 2013, Nat Commun.
  • d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers, 2009, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • Phloem transport of the receptor, DWARF14 protein, is required for full function of strigolactones., 2016, Plant Physiol.
  • Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., 2017, Plant Biol (Stuttg).
• Genbank accession number
  • ABF94526
  • AK070827
  • ABF94526
  • AK070827
• Key message
  • D14-SCF(D3)-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling
  • We characterized a tillering dwarf mutant d88 derived from Oryza sativa ssp
  • A reduction in number and size of parenchyma cells around stem marrow cavity as well as a delay in the elongation of parenchyma cells caused slender tillers and dwarfism in the d88 mutant
  • Furthermore, osmads57-1 was insensitive to strigolactone treatment to inhibit axillary bud outgrowth, and OsMADS57’s function in tillering was dependent on D14
  • The d14 mutant exhibits increased shoot branch-ing with reduced plant height like the previously characterized strigolactone-deficient and -insensitive mutants d10 and d3, respectively
  • Here, we provide evidence that DWARF14 (D14) inhibits rice tillering and may act as a new compo-nent of the strigolactone-dependent branching inhibition pathway
  • d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers
  • Here, we identified a rice mutant htd2 from one of the 15,000 transgenic rice lines, which is characterized by a high tillering and dwarf phenotype
  • HTD2 transcripts were expressed mainly in leaf
  • Moreover, D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants, d3, d10, d14, d17, d27 and high tillering dwarf (htd1)
  • Here we report that OsMADS57 interacts with OsTB1 (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1) and targets D14 (Dwarf14) to control the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice
  • SL signalling requires the hormone-dependent interaction of DWARF 14 (D14), a probable candidate SL receptor, with DWARF 3 (D3), an F-box component of the Skp-Cullin-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
  • Therefore, OsMIR444a-regulated OsMADS57, together with OsTB1, target D14 to control tillering
  • However, unlike with d10, the d14 branching phenotype could not be rescued by exogenous strigolactones
  • The potential relationship between the tiller formation associated genes and D88 is discussed and future identification of the substrate for D88 may lead to the characterization of new pathways regulating plant development
  • We propose that D14 functions downstream of strigolactone synthesis, as a component of hormone signaling or as an enzyme that participates in the conversion of strigolactones to the bioactive form
  • Treatments with GR24, a synthetic SL analogue, cause D53 degradation via the proteasome in a manner that requires D14 and the SCF(D3) ubiquitin ligase, whereas the dominant form of D53 is resistant to SL-mediated degradation
  • The results suggest that the HTD2 gene could negatively regulate tiller bud outgrowth by the strigolactone pathway
  • Identification and characterization of HTD2: a novel gene negatively regulating tiller bud outgrowth in rice
  • D88, thus, represents a new category of genes that regulates cell growth and organ development and consequently plant architecture
  • Loss of function of HTD2 resulted in a significantly increased expression of HTD1, D10 and D3, which were involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway
  • The D53 gene product shares predicted features with the class I Clp ATPase proteins and can form a complex with the alpha/beta hydrolase protein DWARF 14 (D14) and the F-box protein DWARF 3 (D3), two previously identified signalling components potentially responsible for SL perception
  • We demonstrate that, in a D14- and D3-dependent manner, SLs induce D53 degradation by the proteasome and abrogate its activity in promoting axillary bud outgrowth
  • In addition, we show that D14 protein is contained in phloem sap and transported through the phloem to axillary buds in rice
  • Additionally, compared with other D14 allelic mutants, htd4 was the first mutant of D14 discovered in indica, and the differences of many yield traits such as plant height, seed-setting rates, and grain sizes between htd4 and WT were less than those between other D14 allelic mutants and WT
  • Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice (Oryza sativa L.).
  • We conclude that the absence of functional D14 caused the high-tillering dwarf phenotype of htd4
  • Our results may provide vital information for the research on D14 function and the application of htd4 in molecular breeding
• Connection
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and characterization of HTD2: a novel gene negatively regulating tiller bud outgrowth in rice, Loss of function of HTD2 resulted in a significantly increased expression of HTD1, D10 and D3, which were involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and characterization of HTD2: a novel gene negatively regulating tiller bud outgrowth in rice, Loss of function of HTD2 resulted in a significantly increased expression of HTD1, D10 and D3, which were involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway
  • HTD1~OsCCD7, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and characterization of HTD2: a novel gene negatively regulating tiller bud outgrowth in rice, Loss of function of HTD2 resulted in a significantly increased expression of HTD1, D10 and D3, which were involved in the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway
  • HTD1~OsCCD7, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice, Moreover, D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants, d3, d10, d14, d17, d27 and high tillering dwarf (htd1)
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice, Moreover, D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants, d3, d10, d14, d17, d27 and high tillering dwarf (htd1)
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice, Moreover, D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants, d3, d10, d14, d17, d27 and high tillering dwarf (htd1)
  • D27, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice, Moreover, D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants, d3, d10, d14, d17, d27 and high tillering dwarf (htd1)
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, SL signalling requires the hormone-dependent interaction of DWARF 14 (D14), a probable candidate SL receptor, with DWARF 3 (D3), an F-box component of the Skp-Cullin-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, Treatments with GR24, a synthetic SL analogue, cause D53 degradation via the proteasome in a manner that requires D14 and the SCF(D3) ubiquitin ligase, whereas the dominant form of D53 is resistant to SL-mediated degradation
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, Our results suggest a model of SL signalling that involves SL-dependent degradation of the D53 repressor mediated by the D14-D3 complex
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, Treatments with GR24, a synthetic SL analogue, cause D53 degradation via the proteasome in a manner that requires D14 and the SCF(D3) ubiquitin ligase, whereas the dominant form of D53 is resistant to SL-mediated degradation
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, DWARF 53 acts as a repressor of strigolactone signalling in rice, Our results suggest a model of SL signalling that involves SL-dependent degradation of the D53 repressor mediated by the D14-D3 complex
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, The D53 gene product shares predicted features with the class I Clp ATPase proteins and can form a complex with the alpha/beta hydrolase protein DWARF 14 (D14) and the F-box protein DWARF 3 (D3), two previously identified signalling components potentially responsible for SL perception
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, We demonstrate that, in a D14- and D3-dependent manner, SLs induce D53 degradation by the proteasome and abrogate its activity in promoting axillary bud outgrowth
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, D14-SCF(D3)-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, The D53 gene product shares predicted features with the class I Clp ATPase proteins and can form a complex with the alpha/beta hydrolase protein DWARF 14 (D14) and the F-box protein DWARF 3 (D3), two previously identified signalling components potentially responsible for SL perception
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, We demonstrate that, in a D14- and D3-dependent manner, SLs induce D53 degradation by the proteasome and abrogate its activity in promoting axillary bud outgrowth
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, D14-SCFD3-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling, D14-SCF(D3)-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signalling
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Here we report that OsMADS57 interacts with OsTB1 (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1) and targets D14 (Dwarf14) to control the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Furthermore, osmads57-1 was insensitive to strigolactone treatment to inhibit axillary bud outgrowth, and OsMADS57’s function in tillering was dependent on D14
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, D14 expression was downregulated in osmads57-1, but upregulated in antisense and OsMIR444a-overexpressing lines
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, OsMADS57 bound to the CArG motif [C(A/T)TTAAAAAG] in the promoter and directly suppressed D14 expression
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Interaction of OsMADS57 with OsTB1 reduced OsMADS57 inhibition of D14 transcription
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsMADS57, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Therefore, OsMIR444a-regulated OsMADS57, together with OsTB1, target D14 to control tillering
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsTB1~FC1~SCM3, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Here we report that OsMADS57 interacts with OsTB1 (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1) and targets D14 (Dwarf14) to control the outgrowth of axillary buds in rice
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsTB1~FC1~SCM3, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Interaction of OsMADS57 with OsTB1 reduced OsMADS57 inhibition of D14 transcription
  • HTD2~D88~D14, OsTB1~FC1~SCM3, The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14, Therefore, OsMIR444a-regulated OsMADS57, together with OsTB1, target D14 to control tillering
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers, The d14 mutant exhibits increased shoot branch-ing with reduced plant height like the previously characterized strigolactone-deficient and -insensitive mutants d10 and d3, respectively
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers, The d10-1 d14-1 double mutant is phenotypically indistinguishable from the d10-1 and d14-1 single mutants, consistent with the idea that D10 and D14 function in the same pathway
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers, However, unlike with d10, the d14 branching phenotype could not be rescued by exogenous strigolactones
  • D14L, HTD2~D88~D14, Downregulation of Rice DWARF 14 LIKE Suppress Mesocotyl Elongation via a Strigolactone Independent Pathway in the Dark., In this study, we examined the function of another D14 family gene in rice, D14 LIKE (D14L), focusing on mesocotyl growth
  • D14L, HTD2~D88~D14, Downregulation of Rice DWARF 14 LIKE Suppress Mesocotyl Elongation via a Strigolactone Independent Pathway in the Dark., This phenotype is enhanced when the D14L RNAi lines are combined with the d14 mutation, suggesting that D14 and D14L work independently to inhibit mesocotyl elongation
  • D14L, HTD2~D88~D14, Downregulation of Rice DWARF 14 LIKE Suppress Mesocotyl Elongation via a Strigolactone Independent Pathway in the Dark., Our results suggest that D14L and D14 confer their effects via an SL independent pathway and an SL signaling pathway respectively
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, Destabilization of strigolactone receptor DWARF14 by binding of ligand and E3-ligase signaling effector DWARF3., Key mediators of the SL signaling pathway in rice include the α/β-fold hydrolase DWARF 14 (D14) and the F-box component DWARF 3 (D3) of the ubiquitin ligase SCF(D3) that mediate ligand-dependent degradation of downstream signaling repressors
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, Destabilization of strigolactone receptor DWARF14 by binding of ligand and E3-ligase signaling effector DWARF3., More importantly, D14 is destabilized upon the binding of ligands and D3, thus revealing an unusual mechanism of SL recognition and signaling, in which the hormone, the receptor, and the downstream effectors are systematically destabilized during the signal transduction process
  • D10~OsCCD8~OsCCD8b, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that expression levels of the genes D10, D17, D27, D3, and D14 increased significantly while expression of D53 decreased in htd4, compared to the wild type
  • D27, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that expression levels of the genes D10, D17, D27, D3, and D14 increased significantly while expression of D53 decreased in htd4, compared to the wild type
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that expression levels of the genes D10, D17, D27, D3, and D14 increased significantly while expression of D53 decreased in htd4, compared to the wild type
  • D3, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., However, a BiFC assay suggested that the mutant-type D14 could not interact with D3
  • D53, HTD2~D88~D14, Identification and Molecular Mapping of Indica High-tillering Dwarf Mutant htd4, a Mild Phenotype Allelic Mutant of D14 in Rice Oryza sativa L.., Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that expression levels of the genes D10, D17, D27, D3, and D14 increased significantly while expression of D53 decreased in htd4, compared to the wild type

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