xa21

2022-11-15 | Categories genes  | Tags xoo  defense  blight  disease resistance  defense response  leaf  disease  bacterial blight  transcription factor  root  blight disease  growth  cell death  seedling  resistance  Kinase  receptor kinase  pathogen  nucleus  immunity 

• Information
  • Symbol: xa21
  • MSU: LOC_Os11g35500
  • RAPdb: Os11g0559200
• PSP score
  • LOC_Os11g35500.1: 0.5138
• PLAAC score
  • LOC_Os11g35500.1: 0
• pLDDT score
  • 85.16
• Protein Structure from AlphaFold and UniProt
  • 
• Publication
  • The endoplasmic reticulum-quality control component SDF2 is essential for XA21-mediated immunity in rice, 2013, Plant Sci.
  • Plasma membrane localization and potential endocytosis of constitutively expressed XA21 proteins in transgenic rice, 2010, Mol Plant.
  • Biochemical characterization of the kinase domain of the rice disease resistance receptor-like kinase XA21, 2002, J Biol Chem.
  • Transcriptional characteristics of Xa21-mediated defense responses in rice, 2011, J Integr Plant Biol.
  • The cloned gene, Xa21, confers resistance to multiple Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae isolates in transgenic plants, 1996, Mol Plant Microbe Interact.
  • OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and Xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice, 2008, Mol Plant.
  • An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, 2014, Mol Plant.
  • Cleavage and nuclear localization of the rice XA21 immune receptor, 2012, Nat Commun.
  • Ectopic expression of rice Xa21 overcomes developmentally controlled resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, 2010, Plant Sci.
  • Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, 2008, PLoS Biol.
  • Proteome analysis of detergent-resistant membranes DRMs associated with OsRac1-mediated innate immunity in rice, 2009, Plant Cell Physiol.
  • An ATPase promotes autophosphorylation of the pattern recognition receptor XA21 and inhibits XA21-mediated immunity, 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
  • Overexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP3 regulates XA21-mediated innate immunity in rice, 2010, PLoS One.
  • Short communication: developmental control of Xa21-mediated disease resistance in rice, 1999, Plant J.
  • A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa21, 1995, Science.
  • Xa21D Encodes a Receptor-like Molecule with a Leucine-Rich Repeat Domain That Determines Race-Specific Recognition and Is Subject to Adaptive Evolution, 1998, The Plant Cell Online.
  • Genetic and physical analysis of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance locus, Xa21, 1992, Mol Gen Genet.
  • Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, 2006, Plant Cell.
  • The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, 2013, Plant J.
  • Identification of Resistance Genes Effective Against Rice Bacterial Blight Pathogen in Eastern India, 2001, Plant Disease.
  • Rice Xa21 primed genes and pathways that are critical for combating bacterial blight infection., 2015, Sci Rep.
  • The rice immune receptor XA21 recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated protein from a Gram-negative bacterium., 2015, Sci Adv.
  • XA21-specific induction of stress-related genes following Xanthomonas infection of detached rice leaves., 2016, PeerJ.
  • Mutation of the rice XA21 predicted nuclear localization sequence does not affect resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae., 2016, PeerJ.
• Genbank accession number
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
  • U72723
  • U72724
  • U72725
  • U72726
  • U72727
  • U72728
  • U72729
  • U82168
• Key message
  • Silencing of the SDF2 genes in the XA21 rice genetic background compromises resistance to Xoo but does not affect plant growth and development
  • Interestingly, most signaling and transcriptional regulator genes were downregulated at 4 and 8 hpi, suggesting that negative regulation of cellular signaling may play a role in the Xa21-mediated defense response
  • Comparison of expression profiles between Xa21- and other R gene-mediated defense systems revealed interesting common responses
  • Transcriptional characteristics of Xa21-mediated defense responses in rice
  • The rice pattern recognition receptor (PRR) XA21 confers race-specific resistance in leaf infection by bacterial blight Xathomonas oryzae pv
  • Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance
  • Few components involved in transducing the Xa21-mediated defense response have yet been identified
  • 1 are compromised in basal defense and Xa21-mediated resistance to Xoo
  • OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and Xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice
  • The transgenic plants constitutively expressing the wild-type XA21 or its GFP fusion displayed race-specific resistance to Xoo at the adult and seedling stages
  • We also established a root infection system and demonstrated that XA21 also mediated race-specific resistance responses to Xoo in the root
  • Here we report that Xa21 is induced by Xoo infection and that ectopic expression of Xa21 confers resistance at three leaf stage (three-week-old), overcoming the developmental limitation of XA21-mediated resistance
  • Characterization of Xa21 should facilitate understanding of plant disease resistance and lead to engineered resistance in rice
  • A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa21
  • Genetic and physical analysis of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance locus, Xa21
  • Representative pathotypes were used to evaluate seven near-isogenic lines carrying individual bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa3, Xa4, xa5, Xa7, Xa10, xa13, and Xa21) and gene pyramids
  • Here, we report that XA21 binds to a WRKY transcription factor, called OsWRKY62
  • The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system
  • Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors
  • Short communication: developmental control of Xa21-mediated disease resistance in rice
  • XA21 is a receptor-like kinase protein in rice (Oryza sativa) that confers gene-for-gene resistance to specific races of the causal agent of bacterial blight disease, Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae
  • The downregulation of Xb25 results in reduced levels of XA21 and compromised XA21-mediated disease resistance at the adult stage
  • Taken together, these results indicate that XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance
  • The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance
  • Ectopic expression of Xa21 also up-regulates a larger set of defense-related genes as compared to Xa21 driven by the native promoter
  • These results indicate that altered regulation of Xa21 expression is useful for developing enhanced resistance to Xoo at multiple developmental stages
  • The cloned rice gene Xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races
  • Our current study provides an insight into the nature of the XA21-mediated resistance and a practical approach using the root cell system to further dissect the cellular signaling of the PRR during the rice-Xoo interaction
  • Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages, with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage
  • The rice disease resistance gene, Xa21, encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain
  • Finally, our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated, revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance
  • Biochemical characterization of the kinase domain of the rice disease resistance receptor-like kinase XA21
  • We identified 192 proteins in DRMs that included receptor-like kinases (RLKs) such as Xa21, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR)-type disease resistance proteins, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, syntaxin, NADPH oxidase, a WD-40 repeat family protein and various GTP-binding proteins
  • Xb15 mutants display a severe cell death phenotype, induction of pathogenesis-related genes, and enhanced XA21-mediated resistance
  • Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity
  • The Xa21 gene confers a broad and persistent resistance against BB
  • These results suggested that Xa21 primed critically important genes and signaling pathways, enhancing its resistance against bacterial infection
  • Rice Xa21 primed genes and pathways that are critical for combating bacterial blight infection.
  • The rice XA21 receptor kinase confers robust resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzaepv
  • From this analysis, we identified eight genes that are up-regulated in both in elf18 treated EFR:XA21:GFP rice leaves and Xoo infected XA21 rice leaves
  • Mutation of the rice XA21 predicted nuclear localization sequence does not affect resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
  • The rice receptor kinase XA21 confers robust resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzaepv
  • We previously reported that XA21 is cleaved in transgenic plants overexpressing XA21 with a GFP tag (Ubi-XA21-GFP) and that the released C-terminal domain is localized to the nucleus
  • XA21 carries a predicted nuclear localization sequence (NLS) that directs the C-terminal domain to the nucleus in transient assays, whereas alanine substitutions in the NLS disrupt the nuclear localization
  • To determine if the predicted NLS is required for XA21-mediated immunity in planta, we generated transgenic plants overexpressing an XA21 variant carrying the NLS with the same alanine substitutions (Ubi-XA21nls-GFP)
• Connection
  • OsWRKY62, xa21, OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and Xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice, Here, we report that XA21 binds to a WRKY transcription factor, called OsWRKY62
  • OsWRKY62, xa21, OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and Xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice, OsWRKY62 is a negative regulator of basal and Xa21-mediated defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice
  • OsFLS2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Here we report the isolation of OsSERK2 (rice somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 2) and demonstrate that OsSERK2 positively regulates immunity mediated by XA21 and XA3 as well as the rice immune receptor FLS2 (OsFLS2)
  • OsFLS2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Taken together, our findings suggest that the mechanism of OsSERK2-meditated regulation of rice XA21, XA3, and FLS2 differs from that of AtSERK3/BAK1-mediated regulation of Arabidopsis FLS2 and EFR
  • OsSERK2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Here we report the isolation of OsSERK2 (rice somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 2) and demonstrate that OsSERK2 positively regulates immunity mediated by XA21 and XA3 as well as the rice immune receptor FLS2 (OsFLS2)
  • OsSERK2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, OsSERK2 undergoes bidirectional transphosphorylation with XA21 in vitro and forms a constitutive complex with XA21 in vivo
  • OsSERK2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Taken together, our findings suggest that the mechanism of OsSERK2-meditated regulation of rice XA21, XA3, and FLS2 differs from that of AtSERK3/BAK1-mediated regulation of Arabidopsis FLS2 and EFR
  • OsSERK2, xa21, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, An XA21-associated kinase (OsSERK2) regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors
  • xa21, Xa26~Xa3, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, The rice XA21 immune receptor kinase and the structurally related XA3 receptor confer immunity to Xanthomonas oryzae pv
  • xa21, Xa26~Xa3, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Here we report the isolation of OsSERK2 (rice somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 2) and demonstrate that OsSERK2 positively regulates immunity mediated by XA21 and XA3 as well as the rice immune receptor FLS2 (OsFLS2)
  • xa21, Xa26~Xa3, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, Taken together, our findings suggest that the mechanism of OsSERK2-meditated regulation of rice XA21, XA3, and FLS2 differs from that of AtSERK3/BAK1-mediated regulation of Arabidopsis FLS2 and EFR
  • xa21, Xa26~Xa3, An XA21-associated kinase OsSERK2 regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors, An XA21-associated kinase (OsSERK2) regulates immunity mediated by the XA21 and XA3 immune receptors
  • OsWRKY62, xa21, Cleavage and nuclear localization of the rice XA21 immune receptor, Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicate that the XA21 intracellular domain interacts with the OsWRKY62 transcriptional regulator exclusively in the nucleus of rice protoplasts
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, A yeast two-hybrid screen using the intracellular portion of XA21, including the juxtamembrane (JM) and kinase domain as bait, identified a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), called XA21 binding protein 15 (XB15)
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, The interaction of XA21 and XB15 was confirmed in vitro and in vivo by glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, respectively
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, Autophosphorylated XA21 can be dephosphorylated by XB15 in a temporal- and dosage-dependent manner
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, A serine residue in the XA21 JM domain is required for XB15 binding
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, Xb15 mutants display a severe cell death phenotype, induction of pathogenesis-related genes, and enhanced XA21-mediated resistance
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, Overexpression of Xb15 in an XA21 rice line compromises resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, These results demonstrate that Xb15 encodes a PP2C that negatively regulates the XA21-mediated innate immune response
  • xa21, XB15~PP2C, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity, Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity
  • Os8N3~xa13~OsSWEET11, xa21, Identification of Resistance Genes Effective Against Rice Bacterial Blight Pathogen in Eastern India, Representative pathotypes were used to evaluate seven near-isogenic lines carrying individual bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa3, Xa4, xa5, Xa7, Xa10, xa13, and Xa21) and gene pyramids
  • xa21, XB24, An ATPase promotes autophosphorylation of the pattern recognition receptor XA21 and inhibits XA21-mediated immunity, Here we show that the rice PRR, XA21, interacts with XA21 binding protein 24 (XB24), a previously undescribed ATPase
  • xa21, XB24, An ATPase promotes autophosphorylation of the pattern recognition receptor XA21 and inhibits XA21-mediated immunity, XB24 promotes autophosphorylation of XA21 through its ATPase activity
  • xa21, XB24, An ATPase promotes autophosphorylation of the pattern recognition receptor XA21 and inhibits XA21-mediated immunity, Rice lines silenced for Xb24 display enhanced XA21-mediated immunity, whereas rice lines overexpressing XB24 are compromised for immunity
  • xa21, XB24, An ATPase promotes autophosphorylation of the pattern recognition receptor XA21 and inhibits XA21-mediated immunity, XA21 is degraded in the presence of the pathogen-associated molecular pattern Ax21 when XB24 is overexpressed
  • xa21, Xb3, Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, We identified XA21 binding protein 3 (XB3), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, as a substrate for the XA21 Ser and Thr kinase
  • xa21, Xb3, Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, The interaction between XB3 and the kinase domain of XA21 has been shown in yeast and in vitro, and the physical association between XB3 and XA21 in vivo has also been confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation assays
  • xa21, Xb3, Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, XB3 contains an ankyrin repeat domain and a RING finger motif that is sufficient for its interaction with the kinase domain of XA21 and for its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, respectively
  • xa21, Xb3, Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, Furthermore, reduced levels of Xb3 lead to decreased levels of the XA21 protein
  • xa21, Xb3, Rice XA21 binding protein 3 is a ubiquitin ligase required for full Xa21-mediated disease resistance, These results indicate that Xb3 is necessary for full accumulation of the XA21 protein and for Xa21-mediated resistance
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, We report here that XA21 binding protein 25 (XB25) belongs to the plant-specific ankyrin-repeat (PANK) family
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, XB25 physically interacts, in vitro, with the transmembrane domain of XA21 through its N-terminal binding to transmembrane and positively charged domain (BTMP) repeats
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, In addition, XB25 associates with XA21 in planta
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, The downregulation of Xb25 results in reduced levels of XA21 and compromised XA21-mediated disease resistance at the adult stage
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, Taken together, these results indicate that XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance
  • OsBIANK1~XB25, xa21, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance, The XA21 binding protein XB25 is required for maintaining XA21-mediated disease resistance
  • xa21, XIK1, A receptor like kinase gene with expressional responsiveness on Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is essential for Xa21-mediated disease resistance., By using RNA interference (RNAi), we silenced the expression of XIK1 in rice with Xa21 and found that reduced expression of XIK1 compromised disease resistance mediated by XA21
  • xa21, XIK1, A receptor like kinase gene with expressional responsiveness on Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is essential for Xa21-mediated disease resistance., In addition, we found that the expression of the downstream marker genes of pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity (PTI) in rice was compromised in Xa21 plants silenced for XIK1
  • OsLRR1, xa21, Silencing of the Rice Gene LRR1 Compromises Rice Xa21 Transcript Accumulation and XA21-Mediated Immunity, Silencing of the Rice Gene LRR1 Compromises Rice Xa21 Transcript Accumulation and XA21-Mediated Immunity
  • xa21, XB21, Overexpression of Rice Auxilin-Like Protein, XB21, Induces Necrotic Lesions, up-Regulates Endocytosis-Related Genes, and Confers Enhanced Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae., To elucidate the mechanism of XA21-mediated immunity, we previously performed a yeast two-hybrid screening for XA21 interactors and identified XA21 binding protein 21 (XB21)
  • xa21, XB21, Overexpression of Rice Auxilin-Like Protein, XB21, Induces Necrotic Lesions, up-Regulates Endocytosis-Related Genes, and Confers Enhanced Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae., Overexpression of XB21 in rice variety Kitaake and a Kitaake transgenic line expressing XA21 confers a necrotic lesion phenotype and enhances resistance to Xoo
  • xa21, XB21, Silencing of the Rice Gene LRR1 Compromises Rice Xa21 Transcript Accumulation and XA21-Mediated Immunity., We previously demonstrated that an auxilin-like protein, XA21 BINDING PROTEIN 21 (XB21), positively regulates resistance to Xoo

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